Self-starting and reversible internal-combustion engine.



J. F. TWIGGN SELF STARTING AND REVERSIBLE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILE D MAY19,I913- 1,136,381 Patented 33120, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

fuel WITNESSES;

. W yaw mfiww J. F. .TWIGG. I V SELF STARTING AND REVERSIBLE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 19. I313.

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JOHN F. TWIGG, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

SELF-STARTING AND REVERSIBLE INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, JOHN F. TWIGG, acitizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of SanFi'ancisco-and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Self-Starting and Re versible Internal Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines and particularly to engines of the two-cycle or two-stroke type having means to'start, stop and reverse the engine motion instantly.

This invention has for its object the pr vision of means'for speedily starting, stopping, slowing down, and reversing the motion of the engine with a single lever vor handle, and, in fact, control all of the main operating features; of the engine by this one' means; and to provide an engine withnovel and eifective features as Well as noinic'al to operate.

Inasmuch as the speed. of engines of different characters, such as automobile and marine engines, is required to vary, and the direction of the vehicle or boat reversed, it .is necessary to reverse the engine or its proing the amount of fuel going into the cylinders by throttling the explosive mixture. In some cases the engine is started and reversed directly by compressed air.

My purpose is to produce an engine that can be readily started, slowed down, and stopped, and its motion reversed directly without the above means, but by means of reversing and controllingthe action of the delivery of the combustible mixture; also its quantity, and by reversing and controlling the action of the ignition system and timing of the spark. This is done by the movement of a single lever or handle and the speed of the engine increased or decreased without throttling the mixture bythe same lever and movement. This same lever also serves as a switch to the ignition system and breaks the electric circuit position.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

' panying drawings, in Whichof the pump and engine cycles;

be ng ecoithe cylinders. The cylinder walls are proare parts.

when placed in stopping PatentedA r. 2o, 1915.-

7 Application filed May 19, 1913. Serial No. 768,421.

The invention; consists 'ofitheipa-rts and the construction and combinationwfpa-rts as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, having"'reference---to the accom- Figure 1 s a centrali vertical semi-section through the engine; Fig. 2 is a sectional' planshowing the parts pertaining to the ignition system. Fig. 3 is a vertical section 'through the mixture pump, showing its construction and the, reversing-mechanism of the-same. F ig.4 is a d agrammatic view ..A and A and is of large capacity to receive freely the exhaust gases; the chamberbeing made large by reason of. theseparation of vided with exhaust ports 6 Which have a. largearea, and a Water jacket 7 extends en tirely around the walls of the cylindersand exhaust chamber. There is a suitable base or crank chamber 8 with stanchions 9 connecting the base to the cylinders.

superposed upon the cylinders A is a spider-shaped head 10, which carries inlet valves 11 for the cylinders, and of which a pump cylinder 12 and a mixture receiver 13 A pump head 14 extends over the receiving chambers 13 and carries a relief valve15 for each. The pump 12 isfitted with superposed inlet valves 16 and de livery valves 17 and 17. The delivery valve 17 leadsto the cylinder A and'valve 17* leads to cylinder A.

The cylinders A-A are fitted with pistons 18 which are connected to a crank-shaft 9 19 by connecting rods 20. The pump piston-rod 3 is connected to parallel joined rockers 21 by a pin and sliding boxes 22 which are slidable in channels 23 of the rockers 21, which rockers are provided with 10'( 'I'n'the present embodiment of my inven-v tion I'emplo'y-a suitably-designed pair of is controlled by a hand-lever '26, connected to a crank 26 on a rocker-shaft 26, having cranks 26 joined to connecting rods 27 which are Connected at 27 to the fulcrum arms 25.

A lever 28 is provided for operating or revolving a variable-electric contact point 29 of a timer on the crank-shaft, which timer consists also o'f contact points 29 and 29*, ,That part of the timer which contains the points 29 and 29 is fixed to the crankshaft 19; the two points being approximately 180 apart and each on a line with its respective crank and insulated from the engine shaft and the cranks also being 180 apart. That part of the timer. which contains the point 29 is also-insulated from and is revolved on the shaft 19 by the lever 28 through aseginental gear 30 and a train of gears 30, one of which is on an inner shaft 31. By moving the lever 28 the full length of a fixed quadrant 34, the point 29 is revolved around the shaft 19 about 30 more than a complete turn, or about 15 on either side of the top center. This fifteen degrees is to allow for advancing the spark before the top center, when running at high speed. l/Vhen starting the engine the point 29 is movedagainst the direction of the crank movement and when stopping theengine it is moved in the same direction as the crank.

Electric contact is made from point 29" through a commutator brush 29 to a spark plug 32 of cylinclerA through an induction coil, and in the same way a connection from the spark plug in cylinder A to point 29 through commutator 29 is made. A wire is 1 connected at insulated plates 33, which are insulated from a quadrant 34, and circuit is made only when the lever 28 comes into contact with the plates 33 through a suitable electric battery or magneto, and when the lever 28 is moved toward the center of the quadrant and off the plates 33, the electric current is cut off.

For the purpose of operating the lever 28 simultaneously with the lever 26, screws 35, which areadjustable in the lever 26, are provided to engage and move the lever 28 in unison and withlever 26,.or the screws may be set so that lever 28 will lag behind. lever 26 in either direction that. it is moved. Hence, when the pump lever 26 is moved to its limit, a retarded or late spark will be generated in the cylinders. If an advanced spark is required, lever 28 is independently moved farther to ward the end of quad-v rant 34.

The area of the pump piston 4.- is double the area of the power pistons 18, so to pump the full charge of the working stroke of the pistons only half the stroke of the ower piston is used in the pump. Hem-e the stroke of the rod 3 by an eccentric 37 is ones reversing the action of thepump'piston 4:.

The pump eccentric is placed approximately at 135 in advance of the following crank;

hence' when exhaust ports 6 are open. wide the pump piston 4 is at about its highest velocity and is replenishing its respective receiver 13, and as the pump piston reaches the end of the stroke exhaust ports 6 are covered by the working pistons 18 about the same time. It will be seen that by moving the rocker 21 to the opposite side, the other end of rocker 21 operates the pump and its action is reversed; the charge being delivered for the opposite running of the engine. It will also be seen thatif rocker'2l is placed centrally there will be no stroke to pump, as

indicated by the dottedlines 4.0; and be tween the ends and middle of the segmental rocker 21 the stroke of the pump may be varied and thespeed and power of the engine governed thereby.

The inlet valves 11 are opened by the pressure of gas in the receiving chambers 13 and the desired pressure therein is maintained by more or less tension on springs 36 which close the valves 11. The relief valves 15 also may be set to the maximum pressure de' sired in thechamber 13, and in case of an ex plosion in the chamber will relieve the parts from unnecessary strains or stresses by automatically opening. A branched inlet pipe 39 is provided for connecting a carbureter to the pump 12.

It will be seen that, as the cranks are 180 apart, when the engine is at rest the normal position of the cranks would be 90 and 27 0 respectively and the pistons at about the middle of the stroke. This is because of the pressure in the cylinders and it being the angle of equal resistance or balancing point, so that when the engine stops the cranks 'will generally be at this point with little variation. At this point the pump eccentric 37 would be at about 45 olf the top center, thereupon by moving the rocker 21 from right to left it would give the pump about 7 0% of its stroke, and by working the lever 26 forward and back, gas or mixturf would be pumped into the receiver 13. When sufficient pressure was reached the valve 11- would open and the cylinders be filled.

The operation of the engine is as follows: :With a suitable carbureter and fuel at the inlet pipe 3, and with the suitable spark plugs at 32 and a suitable battery and spark coil connectedthrough the timer 29. the an- 28 slightly behind .it. Lever 26 is nowmoved back and forward, and by this action the combustible mixture isdrawn from the carbureter at inlet 39 through the valves 16 alternately and deliver d through the valves 17 to the receivers 13 altiirnately, and when pressure in the chambers 13 overcomes the tension of a spring 36 on a valve 11, the

valve will open and gas will be forced into thecylinders.

It will be noted that at each stroke of the lever when point 29 passes points 29 or 29 a spark is generated in respective cylinders, and when sufficient gas is forced into the cylinder it will ignite and a power stroke will result, turning the 'engine in the direction that lever 26 indicates to be followed by the successive power strokes. The en,- gine is now running with a retarded or late spark and if more power or speed is desired, lever 28 is taken in hand and moved independently and in advance of lever 26 until the desired point is reached. Should less power and less fuel be wanted, lever 26 is moved toward the middle of quadrant 34 until the engine reaches the speed desired. When it is desired to stop the engine, lever 26is moved toward the middle of quadrant 34 or until the lever 28 leaves the insulated plate '33. This action both reduces the stroke of the pump cutting down fuel and breaks the electric circuit and shuts off the current. The receiver 13 is now filled with gas and the cylinders also, and if it is desired to run the engine in the opposite 'di-' rection, lever 26 is moved quickly in the reverse direction .and the engine will start, Should it not start, by giving one or two strokes of lever 26 this recharges and at the same stroke ignites it and starts the engine. For more or less power,'the same action is taken as in the forward operation. At this time it-will be noted that the inlet .valve 11 is of'large diameter being slightly larger than, the cylinder bore 'and a recess 41 worked around the to of the cylinder into which the valve suspends When the valve opens, the effect of this recess is to cause the gases to come from the receiver 13 into the cylinder all around and under the bottom of the valve, thereby tending to keep the underside of the valve cool and at the same time creating a body or intact volume of gas moving in a solid unbroken mass towardthe bottom of the cylinder. The advantage claimed for this is' that there s much less liability of the incoming charge to mix with the remains of the burnt gases and also lessening the liability of any of the new charge passing through the exhaust ports. I

By slight changes in the mechanism the eccentric 37 may be substituted by a crank. The supporting arms 25 might be eliminated by placing another-eccentric at the opposite end of the rocker 21 and placed at 90 from the present eccentric with approximately the same results. The elements of the timer 29, 29?, 29", 29' and 29 may be combined in one integral device. The receiver 13 is designed to hold approXi-- mately one full charge of explosive mixture, and by the large area of valve 11 gives exceptionally quick supply to working cylinders with little resistance to gases.

Having thus described my invention, what- 2. An internal combustion engine comprising separated twin cylinders, with a fuel pump arranged above and overlapping the cylinders, said pump comprising a piston and its rod, and a guide for the piston-rod located between the cylinders, automatic inlet valves for the cylinders, and receiving chambers interposed between said cylinders and the pump.

3. In an internal combustion engine comprising separated twin cylinders, with a fuel pump arranged intermediately thereof, said pump comprising a piston and its rod, a guide for the piston-rod located between the cylinders, automatic inlet valves for the cylinders, receiving chambers interposed between said cylinders. and the pump, and safety valves for the receiving chambers.

4. An internal combustion engine comprising separated parallel cylinders, pistons reciprocatable in said cylinders, a crankshaft to which the pistons are connected, a manifold for the supply of fuel, a doubleacting pump deriving fuel from said mani- I supply of gas to said receiving chambers.

5. An. internal combustion engine comprising separated parallel cylinders, pistons reciprocatable in said cylinders, a

crank-shaft to which the pistons are connected, a manifold for. supplyoffuel, a double-acting pump de'riving' fuelfrom said manifold, rece ving chambers interposed be H tween said'pump and: theengine cylinders, automatic inlet valves controllin v sage of gas from said-chambers to the cyl- 'inders, and a manuallyoperable mechanism including a lever for reciprocating'the pump piston for thesupply of gas tosaid receiving chambers, said mechanism comprising a connection between said lever and the pump 1 whereby the volume ofthe fu'el forced by the pump into the receiving chambersmay e varied. 1

6. An internal combustion engine comprising separated parallel cylinders, pistons reciprocatable in said cylinders, a crank-shaft to which the pistons are connected, a-manifold for the supply of fuel,-

a double-acting pump deriving fuel from said manifold, receiving chambers inter zposed between said pump and the engine cylinders, automatic inlet valves controlling the passage of gas from said chambers to the cylinders, a'manually operable mechanism. for reciprocatingthe pump piston for plurality of combustion cylinders, a pump for supplying a combustible mixture'to said cylinders, and a manually adjustable mechanism having means for varying and reversing the stroke of the pump to change the volume of combustible mixture forced thereby into the combustion cylinders, and toreverse the direction of the revolution of the engine.

8. In an internal combustion engine, a pluralitv of combustion cylinders, a pump for supplying a combustible mixture to said cylinders, and a manually adjustable mechanism for varying the stroke of the pump to change the volume of combustible mixture forced thereby into the combustion cylinders, said mechanism comprising a tiltable lever or rocker, connected to the pump piston-rod, and an adjustable fulcrum for said rockerwhereby the range of operation of the rocker may be varied.

9. An internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of combustion cylinders having-exhaust ports, automatic inlet valves for the cylinders, pistons operable in said cylinders, a pump common to the cylinders for supplying a compressed fuel charge thereto, said pump including a piston and its rod, a guide on the cylinders for the piston-rod, a crank-shaft to which the pistons V of the engine are connected, and means conthe pas-' necting the piston-rod and the crank-shaft whereby the pump will be operated by the power of the engine or may be operated-by hand.- I v i 10. An internal combustion engine loomprising a plurality of'combustion cylinders having exhaust ports, automatic inlet valves for the cylinders, pistons operable in said cylinders, a pumpcommon to the cylinders for supplying a compressed fuel chargethereto, said pump including a piston and its rod, a guideon the cylinders for the piston-rod, a crank-shaft to which the pistons of the engine are connected, means conhaving exhaust ports, automatic inlet valves necting the piston-rod and the crank-shaft whereby the pump will be operated by the power of the engine, and a manually'controlled mechanism for changing the stroke of the pump to deliver variable quantities of fuel to the engine and'therebycontrol its speed. I

12. An internal combustionengine comprising a plurality of combustion cylinders having exhaust ports, automatic inlet valves for the cylinders, pistons operable in said cylinders, a pump common to the cylinders thereto, said pump includinga, piston and its rod, a guide on the cylinders for the piston-rod, a crank-shaft to which the pistons of the engine are connected, means connecting the piston-rod and the crank-shaft whereby the pump will be operated by the power of the engine, a manually controlled .for supplying a compressed fuel charge" tion between the rocker and the crank-shaft. 13. A self-starting internal combustion engine comprising a-plurality of engine cylinders, pistons reciprocatable, therein, a'

crank-shaft to which the pistons a-re connected, automatic inlet valves for the cylinders, exhaust ports in the cylindersfor the relief of burnt gas',xadouble aeting pump for supplying fuel from a suitable source'to said cylinders under sufficient pressure to ignite, an ignition system for igniting the compressed gases, and means for reversing the pump to change the direction of rotation of the engine.

14. A self-starting internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of engine cylinders, pistons recip'rocatable therein, a crank-shaft tov which the pistons are connected, automatic inlet valves for the cylinders, exhaust ports'in the cylinders for the relief of burnt gas, a double-acting pump for supplying fuel from a suitable source to said cylinders under sufficient pressure to ignite, an ignition system for igniting the compressed, gases, the pump to change the direction of rotation of the engine, said means comprising a rocker, an adjustable fulcrum for the rocker,

and connections between the piston .of the pump and the rocker and between the crankshaft of the engine and the rocker whereby the pump maybe operated by the power of the, engine or. manually operated.

15.- A self-starting internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of engine cylinders, pistons reciprocatable therein, a crank-shaft to which the pistons are connected, automatic inlet valves for the cylinders, exhaust ports in the cylinders for the relief of burnt gas, a doubleacting pump for supplying fuel from. a suitable source to said cylinders under sufficient pressure to ignite, an ignition system for igniting the compressed gases,means for reversing the pump to change the direction of rotation of the engine, said means comprising a rocker, an adjustable fulcrum for the rocker, and

connections between the piston of the pumpand the rocker and between the crank-shaft of the engine and the rocker whereby the pump may be operated by the power of the engine, and a manually operable device for operating the rocker' to reciprocate the piston of the pump when the engine is idle for the forcing of a combustible fuel to the engine cylinders.

16. A reversible internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a double-acting pump for compressing a charge of combustible fuel in said cylinders, pistons operable in the cylinders, a crankshaft connected to the pistons, automatic inlet valves opened by compressed fuel from the pump, and a means for reversing the pump and for changing its stroke.

17. A reversible internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a double-acting pump for compressing a shaft connected to the prising-a plurality of and means for reversing pressure in the engine cylinders, while the engine is idle, and'for reversing the stroke of the pump to changethe direction of rotation of the engine. a

18. An internal combustion engine comco'mbustion cylinders, pistons reciprocatable therein, a crank-shaft connected to said'pistons, a's'parking system comprising a commutator secured on the shaft and having contact points coerdinately positioned with relation to respective cranks of the shaft, a timer having a contact point, said timer point being turnably mounted relative to and upon the shaft, spark p ugs in the cylinders of the engine having respective connections with the coinmutator, a quadrantprovided with insulated contact plates on each side of its; central portion,. connections between said contact plates with the electric-system, a manually controlled lever. for revolving the turnable timer about the shaft to control the spark, and'a device-carried by said lever for closing the circuit through one or the other of pistons reciprocatable therein, a crank-shaft connected to said pistons, a sparking system comprising a commutator secured on the shaft and-having contact points coerdinat'ely positionedwith relation to respective cranks of the shaft, a timer having a contact point, said timer point being turnably mounted relative tosand upon the shaft, spark plugs in the cylinders of the enginehaving respective connections with the commutator, a quadrant provided with insulated contact plates on each side of its central portion, connections between said contact plates with the electric-system, a manually controlled lever for revolving the turnable-timer about the shaft to control the spark,- a device carried by said leverfor closing the circuit through oneor the other of the contact plates of the quadrant to control the sparking of the plugs in the cylinders of the en gine according to the required direction of rotation of the crank-shaft, and a reversible pump for charging said cylinders, said pump being connected to the operating lever controlling and reversing thesparklng of the spark plugs.

Q QHThe combination in an internal combustion engine having combustion cylinders, pistons reciprocatable therein, and a crankshaft, of a pump for charging the cylinders with a compressed combustible fuel, an ignition system for'p'roducing an electric spark ders of the engine, a commutator ring fast on the shaft of the engine, a timer movably mounted upon the shaft, independent contact plates, and a hand lever for operating, reversing, and changing the stroke of the pump and carrying a contact member for completing the ignition circuit through either of said contact plates.

22. ,In an internal combustion engine having a crank-shaft, pistons connected thereto, and cylinders therefor, the combination of a pump for charging the cylinders with a combustible vapor, said pump being reversible for controlling the direction of rotation of the crank-shaft of the engine, an ignitionsystem including spark plugs in the cylinders of the engine, a commutator ring fast on the shaft of the engine, a timer movably mounted upon the shaft, independent con tact plates, and a hand lever for operating, reversing and changing the stroke of the pump and carrying a contact member for completing the ignition circuit through \either of said contact plates, said contact member having a limited variable lost motion with respect to said lever for controlling the timing of the spark with relation to the position of the pistons. i

A 23. In an internal combustion engine having a crank-shaft, pistons connected thereto,

- and cylinders therefor, the combination of a pump for charging the cylinders with acombustible vapor, said pump being reversible for controlling the direction of rotation of the crank-shaft of the engine, an ignition system including spark plugs in the cylinders of the engine, a commutator ring fast on the shaft of the engine, a timer movably mounted upon the shaft, independent contact plates, and a hand lever for operating, reversing and changing the stroke of the pump and carrying a contact member for completing the ignition circuit through either of said contact plates, said contact member having a limited variable lost mo tion with respect to said lever for controlling the timing of the spark with relation to the position of the pistons, and said contact member having connections with and for operating the timer ring on the crank-shaft.

. 24. In an internal combustion engine having combustion cylinders, pistons reciproring movable relative to and mounted on the crank-shaft, contact plates in the electric cir cuit, and means controlled by said hand lever for changing the position of the timer ring simultaneously with the operation of the pump connection. Y i i a .25. In'an" internal combustion engine having combustion cylinders, pistons reciprocatable therein, and a crank-shaft'connected tothe pistons, the combination of a reversi-' ble pump for delivering a fuelcharge in the combustion cylinders, saidqiuinp having a piston and its rod, means connecting the piston-rod to the crank-shaft for reversing the pump and for changing its stroke, said means including a manually movable lever, an ignition system for the engine including spark plugs in the engine cylinders, a timer ring movable relative to and mounted on the crank-shaft, contactplates in the electric circuit, and means controlled by said hand lever for changing the position of the timer ring simultaneously with the operation of the pump connection, said lever automatically interrupting the ignition circuit when the engine is stopped by the adjustment of said pump-actuating means to the neutral position.

' 26. In an internal combustion engine having combustion cylinders, pistons reciprocatable therein, and a crankshaft connected to the pistons, the combination of a reversible pump for compressing a fuel charge in the combustion cylinders, said pump having a piston and its rod, means connecting the piston-rod to the crank-shaft for reversing the pump and for changing its stroke, said means including a manually movable lever, an-ignition system for the engine including spark plugs in the engine cylinders, a timer ring movable relative to and mounted on the crank-shaft, contact plates in the electric circuit, and means controlled by said handlever for changing the position of the timer ring simultaneously with the operation of the pump connection, said lever auto matically interrupting the ignition circuit when the engine is stopped by the adjustment of said pump-actuating means to the neutral position, and whereby" theposition' of the timer ring is reversed when the direction of rotation of the engine is to be reversed. I v I f v 27. A starting and reversing mechanism for internal combustion engmes comprising of the pump piston with relation to thev cranks of the crank-shaft.

28. In an internal combustion engine, an engine-operated, combustible mixture pump for charging the engine cylinder, a manually operable means connected to the pump for varying its stroke, and a device for simul taneously changing the time of the spark operated by and in one action with said means.

29. In an internal combustion engine, an engine-operated, combustible miiture feed pump, manually operable means connected to the pump for reversing and varying its stroke, and a device simultaneously operable 1n one action with said means for con trolling the ignition of the engine.

.30. In an internal combustion engine with its sparking system, an engine-operable, combustible mixture pump for charging the engine, and a means for manually reversing or for varying the stroke of said pump, for controlling the time of sparking the engine, and for cutting in or cutting out the spark ing circuit all in one action of the means.

31. In an internal combustion engine with its sparking system, a pump for charging the engine with. a combustible mixture, a mechanism for driving the pump by engine power, a means for reversing or for varying the pump stroke, an ii'istrumentality for timing the spark, a circuit member for cutting in or out said system, anda single controller foroperating said member, said instrmnentality, means and mechanism atv a single action.

, 32. In an internal combustion engine, an

, ignition system with a contact member, a

spark timer for the system, a lever for controlling the timer, and a movable contact member controlled by said leyer whereby a circuit is completed at said member when tl e lever is thrown one Way and broken when reversed 33. An internal combustion engine having an inlet port and an automatic VillYG closacross and below the valve into a compact volume, said valve being of a diameter substantially. equal to that of the cylinder of the engine, and a receiving chamber on the engine between which and the cylinder the valve is interposed.

35. An internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a double- 4 acting pump for compressing a charge of combustible fuel in said cylinders, pistons operable in the cylinders, acrank-shaft connected to the pistons, automatic mlet valves opened by compressed fuel from the pump,

and a manually or engine operable means for operating the pump to create an initial pressure in the engine cylinders, while the engine is idle, and for reversing the stroke of the pump to change the direction of rotation of the engine.

36. In combination with a cylinder and its piston, ashaft, a rocking quadrant having a sliding connection to the pistonfor changing its stroke, a fulcrum arm upon which the quadrant is mounted in the plane approximate its central radius, and means for oscillating the quadrant on its fulcrum. 37. In combination with a cylinder and its piston, a shaft, a rocking quadrant having a: sliding connection to the piston for changing its stroke. a fulcrum arm upon which the quadrant is mounted in the plane approximate its central radius, means for oscillating the quadrant on its fulcrum, said arm being on and adjustable about the shaft, and means for controlling the arm.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' JOHN F. TWI'GG.

Witnesses Y 7 JOHN H. Hummus, W. W. HEALEY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

WeshlngtonJLG. 

